Linear Algebra 2

Here are some key features of "Linear Algebra":

· Add – Finds the sum of two matrices.
· Subtract – Finds the difference of two matrices.
· Multiply – Finds the product of two matrices.
· Determinant – Finds the determinant of a square matrix.
· Trace – Finds the trace of a square matrix.
· Inverse – Finds the inverse of a square matrix, if it exists.
· Inverse (Compact) – Finds the inverse of a square matrix, if it exists. This version is somewhat faster and more memory efficient since it does not do the actual row exchanges for the pivoting, neither does it actually attach an identity matrix to the original one. The inverse computed is placed in the same array as the original matrix.
· Adjoint – Finds the adjoint of a square matrix.
· Adjoint by Inverse – Finds the adjoint of a square, nonsingular matrix.
· LU Factors - Finds the LU factors of a matrix [A], that is, [L] and [U] such that [A]=[L][U], with [L] being lower-triangular and [U] being upper-triangular. In reality, the factorization can't always be done without exchanging the rows of [A] in some manner. Because of this, a permutation matrix [P] is generally involved. This makes the actual factorization [A]=[P][L][U]. Also, since the program allows [A] to be rectangular, [U] in such case would not be square so instead of upper-triangular we should more accurately call it upper-trapezoidal. This program should be used before attempting to use the program which solves simultaneous linear equations using LU factors.
· QR Factors (Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization) - Factors a matrix [A] with linearly independent columns into the product [A]=[Q][R], with [Q] having orthonormal columns and [R] being upper-triangular and invertible. Since [A] must have linearly independent columns, the number of columns can't exceed the number of rows.
· Test Definiteness - Establishes the positive or negative definiteness, positive or negative semidefiniteness, or indefiniteness of a symmetric matrix.
· Simultaneous Linear Equations - Solves systems of linear equations using the method of Gaussian Elimination.
· Simultaneous Linear Equations by LU Factors - solves systems of linear equations using the LU factorization of the matrix of coefficients. This allows quicker solution of many systems that share the same matrix of coefficients but have different right-hand sides.
· Simultaneous Linear Equations - Overdetermined or Inconsistent Systems - Finds the least-squares solution to a system of linear equations which may be inconsistent or overdetermined with more equations than unknowns.
· Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors - Finds the real eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of a matrix. If the matrix has a full set of eigenvectors (diagonalizable), then a full set will be found even if some eigenvalues are repeated. Eigenvalues are found using the Shifted QR method. The corresponding eigenvectors are found using the Shifted Inverse Power method. Matrices are first transformed into their upper-Hessenberg form.
· Transpose - Finds the transpose of a matrix.
· Multiply by a Scalar – Performs scalar multiplication.
· Shift – Shifts the diagonal elements of a matrix (useful in the eigenvalue problem).
· Create Matrix - Creates matrices of zeroes, ones, identity matrices, symmetric, random or general matrices.

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