A partition is a division of the storage space on a computer's hard disk, and multiple partitions will provide more control and protection over the files and folders. This way, if a partition gets infected by malware, the data on another will still be safe.
Partition managers will allow users to create, erase or edit the partitions, and they should be operated only by experts considering the results might affect one's computer quite seriously.
Also, existing partitions can be resized or formatted to another file system, all depending on the needs of the user.
It is recommended for novice users to avoid modifying partitions in any way, for they might lose data or corrupt it.